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Pathogen: bacteria of the genus Aeromonas
In 1894 the agent of trout furunculosis, one of the first known members of the genus, was described in Germany; it is now called Aeromonas salmonicida. It later became clear that motile aeromonads, above all Aeromonas hydrophila, cause the carp disease long known in Russian fish farming as krasnukha (red disease).
Aeromonads normally live in water and are found even in healthy fish; the disease develops under stress: overheated water, high stocking density, poor water quality, injuries. Cyprinids and salmonids are affected most often, as well as eels, catfish and ornamental fish. Some Aeromonas species also cause infections in humans.
The diagnosis is made comprehensively, from clinical signs and post-mortem findings, and confirmed bacteriologically: the pathogen is isolated on culture media and identified. Carp aeromonosis has to be distinguished from spring viraemia of carp, whose signs can be similar. PCR detects Aeromonas DNA in organs, gills and swabs within a few hours and speeds up farm surveys.
For reference only. The diagnosis is made by a veterinary specialist based on laboratory test results.
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