With a wide choice of vaccines on the market, the farm specialist must develop a disease prevention and control programme. Different approaches exist. Some poultry farms have long had positive experience with sequential use of vector, live and inactivated vaccines. In some countries where the disease is present, inactivated vaccines alone may be administered up to 6–8 times to long-lived birds (layers). In Russia, many poultry enterprises regularly revaccinate with live vaccines to maintain strong immunity.
For a long time, the dominant role in monitoring has been the use of the Hemagglutination Control (RTGA) response to immunity tensions; unfortunately, viruses are now circulating in Russia, which have a significant degree of variability in antigen structure, whereas the antigen of La Sota is mostly used in RTA.
World experience has shown that for continuous monitoring it is much more convenient and informative to use the Immuno-fermental Analysis (ELISA) method; an important feature of this technique is that several types of antigens of the Newxal disease are morphed in microplanshetes, and the results are read with precision equipment.
The ELISA sets of IDvet production have recently become available in the Russian market. IDvet was founded in 2004 in Montpellier, France, by Philippe Purquier, whose family has had experience in hamster diagnostics for over 100 years. IDvet is currently the world leader in the ELISA diagnostics market for veterinary diseases. IDvet is constantly developing diagnostic systems for new emergent diseases, expanding its product portfolio with unique test systems. One example is differential sets for bird influenza, with specific hemagglutinin (H5, H7, H9).
The NDVS-CV (ID Screen Newcastle Disaise Indirect Conventional Vaccines) set is designed to quantify immunity tensions in the use of living and activated vaccines. The kit is suitable for working with herbs of chickens and turkeys. The accumulation of Class G immunoglobulins, on average, takes place within 3-4 weeks after the use of live vaccines. However, the production of class M immunoglobulin is earlier. By allowing both IgG and IgM to be recorded by a specialist, the kit can assess the true situation. The kit is highly sensitive, specific and reproducible, as confirmed by the verification tests on the serum panels of the Deventer laboratory.
The NDVS (ID Screen Newcastle Disase Direct) in indirect methods has been developed for vector vaccines. It is also a quantitative test that produces the result expressed in antibodies. The data obtained are highly correlated with the RTGA analysis, but the ELISA set is more sensitive than the known method, which allows infection to be detected much earlier. In addition, this set can be used in the DIVA strategy (Differentiation between Infected and Vacinated).
The DIVA strategy has been developed for herds vaccinated only with vector vaccines, thus separating the vaccine population from the infected population with a high degree of precision.
The essence of the method is that when vector vaccines are used, without infection with field virus, birds will form antibodies only for vector protein of the vaccine and no nucleoprotein antibodies (NP) will be produced. To determine whether there is an antibodies to NP, a set of NDVNP (ID Screen Newcastle Nucleoprotein Direct) has been specifically designed. The NDVNP is not similar and is based on the use of recombinant NP protein and does not detect anti-protein F (induced by vector vaccines).
For the correct interpretation of the IDvet results, information is offered on the basic (expected) importance of immunity tension for various vaccination schemes. For many years, information on immune response has been collected from all over the world by IDvet specialists, and this experience is now available to Russian specialists, but for the most effective use, each household can create its own basic lines, and Idvet can help with calculation.
Author: Y.V. Krasnobaev, K.N., Technical Director of VET FAKTOR
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